BLEでiOS端末からラズパイのLチカしてみた

はじめに
ラズパイ側の実装
iOS 側の実装
配線
起動
おわりに
参考

はじめに

前回ラズパイで L チカができました！！
今回は BLE を使って iOS 端末からチカチカさせてみます！！

ほぼ下記参考にしました（コードはほぼコピペです）。
Bluetoothを使って自作iPhoneアプリとRaspberry piでLEDチカらせる

セントラル、ペリフェラル、サービス、アドバタイズとかは気にせず実装！！（実装してから後で知ればいいきっと。。。）

ラズパイ側の実装

ラズパイは下記のように実装します。

SSH 接続する。

下記コマンドを実行していきラズパイを BLE 接続できるようにする。

# node.jsインストール
$ sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

# npmインストール
$ sudo apt-get install -y npm

# blenoに必要なやつインストール
$ sudo apt-get install bluetooth bluez libbluetooth-dev libudev-dev

# ble_ledディレクトリ作成
$ mkdir ble_led

# ble_ledディレクトリに移動
$ cd ble_led

# npm初期化
$ npm init -y

# blenoとonoffインストール
$ npm install -D @abandonware/bleno onoff

# ble.jsファイル作成
$ touch ble.js

# ble.jsファイル編集
$ vim ble.js

# node.jsインストール

$ sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

# npmインストール

$ sudo apt-get install -y npm

# blenoに必要なやつインストール

$ sudo apt-get install bluetooth bluez libbluetooth-dev libudev-dev

# ble_ledディレクトリ作成

$ mkdir ble_led

# ble_ledディレクトリに移動

$ cd ble_led

# npm初期化

$ npm init -y

# blenoとonoffインストール

$ npm install -D @abandonware/bleno onoff

# ble.jsファイル作成

$ touch ble.js

# ble.jsファイル編集

$ vim ble.js

bleno をインストールすると bluetooth-hci-socket のインストールでエラーになったので @abandonware/bleno をインストールしました。

i と入力し入力モードにする。

下記ソースをコピペする。

var Gpio = require('onoff').Gpio
var led = new Gpio(17, 'out');

var bleno = require('@abandonware/bleno');
var util = require('util');

var Characteristic = bleno.Characteristic;
var PrimaryService = bleno.PrimaryService;

bleno.on('stateChange', function(state) {
  if (state == 'poweredOn') {
    console.log('bluetooth power on');
    bleno.startAdvertising('led service', ['FF10']);
  }
});

bleno.on('advertisingStart', function(err) {
  if (!err) {
    console.log('start advertise');
    bleno.setServices([lightService]);
  }
});

var SwitchCharacteristic = function() {
  SwitchCharacteristic.super_.call(this, {
    uuid: 'ff11',
    properties: ['read', 'write']
  });
};

util.inherits(SwitchCharacteristic, Characteristic);

SwitchCharacteristic.prototype.onReadRequest = function(offset, callback) {
  console.log('read request');
  var data = new Buffer(1);
  data[0] = led.readSync();
  callback(this.RESULT_SUCCESS, data);
};

SwitchCharacteristic.prototype.onWriteRequest = function(data, offset, withoutResponse, callback) {
  console.log('write request: ' + data.toString('hex'));
  led.writeSync(data[0]);
  callback(this.RESULT_SUCCESS);
};

var lightService = new PrimaryService({
  uuid: 'ff10',
  characteristics: [new SwitchCharacteristic()]
});

function exit() {
  led.unexport();
  process.exit();
}

process.on('SIGINT', exit); //ctr + c などの信号

var Gpio = require('onoff').Gpio

var led = new Gpio(17, 'out');

var bleno = require('@abandonware/bleno');

var util = require('util');

var Characteristic = bleno.Characteristic;

var PrimaryService = bleno.PrimaryService;

bleno.on('stateChange', function(state) {

if (state == 'poweredOn') {

console.log('bluetooth power on');

bleno.startAdvertising('led service', ['FF10']);

}

});

bleno.on('advertisingStart', function(err) {

if (!err) {

console.log('start advertise');

bleno.setServices([lightService]);

}

});

var SwitchCharacteristic = function() {

SwitchCharacteristic.super_.call(this, {

uuid: 'ff11',

properties: ['read', 'write']

});

};

util.inherits(SwitchCharacteristic, Characteristic);

SwitchCharacteristic.prototype.onReadRequest = function(offset, callback) {

console.log('read request');

var data = new Buffer(1);

data[0] = led.readSync();

callback(this.RESULT_SUCCESS, data);

};

SwitchCharacteristic.prototype.onWriteRequest = function(data, offset, withoutResponse, callback) {

console.log('write request: ' + data.toString('hex'));

led.writeSync(data[0]);

callback(this.RESULT_SUCCESS);

};

var lightService = new PrimaryService({

uuid: 'ff10',

characteristics: [new SwitchCharacteristic()]

});

function exit() {

led.unexport();

process.exit();

}

process.on('SIGINT', exit); //ctr + c などの信号

esc を押して入力モードを終了する。
:wq と入力し Enter で保存して終了する。

package.json の中身は下記のようになっていました。

{
  "name": "ble_led",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "@abandonware/bleno": "^0.5.1-3",
    "onoff": "^6.0.1"
  }
}

{

"name": "ble_led",

"version": "1.0.0",

"description": "",

"main": "index.js",

"scripts": {

"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"

"keywords": [],

"author": "",

"license": "ISC",

"devDependencies": {

"@abandonware/bleno": "^0.5.1-3",

"onoff": "^6.0.1"

}

iOS 側の実装

iOS は下記のように実装します。

import UIKit
import CoreBluetooth

final class ViewController: UIViewController {

    private var centralManager: CBCentralManager!
    private var peripheral: CBPeripheral?
    private var lightCharacteristic: CBCharacteristic?

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        centralManager = CBCentralManager(delegate: self, queue: nil)
    }

    @IBAction private func scanForPeripherals(_ sender: Any) {
        centralManager.scanForPeripherals(withServices: nil, options: nil)
    }

    @IBAction private func connectPeripheral(_ sender: Any) {
        if let peripheral = peripheral {
            centralManager.connect(peripheral, options: nil)
        }
    }

    @IBAction private func switchLED(_ sender: UISwitch) {
        guard let peripheral = peripheral,
              let lightCharacteristic = lightCharacteristic else {
            sender.isOn.toggle()
            return
        }

        var value: CUnsignedInt = sender.isOn ? 1 : 0
        print("write characteristic and \(sender.isOn)")
        let data = Data(bytes: &value, count: 1)
        peripheral.writeValue(data, for: lightCharacteristic, type: .withResponse)
    }
}

extension ViewController: CBCentralManagerDelegate {

    func centralManagerDidUpdateState(_ central: CBCentralManager) {
        switch central.state {
        case .unknown:
            print("state: unknown")
        case .resetting:
            print("state: resetting")
        case .unsupported:
            print("state: unsupported")
        case .unauthorized:
            print("state: unauthorized")
        case .poweredOff:
            print("state: poweredOff")
        case .poweredOn:
            print("state: poweredOn")
        @unknown default:
            assertionFailure("想定外")
        }
    }

    func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didDiscover peripheral: CBPeripheral,
                        advertisementData: [String : Any], rssi RSSI: NSNumber) {
        guard let peripheralName = peripheral.name else {
            return
        }
        print("peripheral: \(peripheralName)")
        // １回目は"led service"で見つかったけど２回目から"raspberrypi"になった。。。
        if peripheralName == "led service" || peripheralName == "raspberrypi" {
            centralManager.stopScan()
            self.peripheral = peripheral
        }
    }

    func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didConnect peripheral: CBPeripheral) {
        print("connected")
        peripheral.delegate = self
        peripheral.discoverServices(nil)
    }

    func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager,
                        didFailToConnect peripheral: CBPeripheral, error: Error?) {
        print("fail connect")
    }
}

extension ViewController: CBPeripheralDelegate {

    func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didDiscoverServices error: Error?) {
        guard let services = peripheral.services else {
            if let error = error {
                print("error: \(error)")
            }
            return
        }

        print("Found \(services.count) services: \(services)")
        for service in services {
            print(service.uuid.uuidString)
            if service.uuid.uuidString == "FF10" {
                print("discovering characteristics")
                peripheral.discoverCharacteristics(nil, for: service)
            }
        }
    }

    func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral,
                    didDiscoverCharacteristicsFor service: CBService, error: Error?) {
        guard let characteristics = service.characteristics else {
            if let error = error {
                print("error in dicovercharc: \(error)")
            }
            return
        }
        print("Found \(characteristics) characteristics! : \(characteristics)")
        for characteristic in characteristics {
            if characteristic.uuid.uuidString == "FF11" {
                self.lightCharacteristic = characteristic
            }
        }
    }
}

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import UIKit

import CoreBluetooth

final class ViewController: UIViewController {

private var centralManager: CBCentralManager!

private var peripheral: CBPeripheral?

private var lightCharacteristic: CBCharacteristic?

override func viewDidLoad() {

super.viewDidLoad()

centralManager = CBCentralManager(delegate: self, queue: nil)

}

@IBAction private func scanForPeripherals(_ sender: Any) {

centralManager.scanForPeripherals(withServices: nil, options: nil)

}

@IBAction private func connectPeripheral(_ sender: Any) {

if let peripheral = peripheral {

centralManager.connect(peripheral, options: nil)

}

@IBAction private func switchLED(_ sender: UISwitch) {

guard let peripheral = peripheral,

let lightCharacteristic = lightCharacteristic else {

sender.isOn.toggle()

return

}

var value: CUnsignedInt = sender.isOn ? 1 : 0

print("write characteristic and \(sender.isOn)")

let data = Data(bytes: &value, count: 1)

peripheral.writeValue(data, for: lightCharacteristic, type: .withResponse)

}

extension ViewController: CBCentralManagerDelegate {

func centralManagerDidUpdateState(_ central: CBCentralManager) {

switch central.state {

case .unknown:

print("state: unknown")

case .resetting:

print("state: resetting")

case .unsupported:

print("state: unsupported")

case .unauthorized:

print("state: unauthorized")

case .poweredOff:

print("state: poweredOff")

case .poweredOn:

print("state: poweredOn")

@unknown default:

assertionFailure("想定外")

}

func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didDiscover peripheral: CBPeripheral,

advertisementData: [String : Any], rssi RSSI: NSNumber) {

guard let peripheralName = peripheral.name else {

return

}

print("peripheral: \(peripheralName)")

// １回目は"led service"で見つかったけど２回目から"raspberrypi"になった。。。

if peripheralName == "led service" || peripheralName == "raspberrypi" {

centralManager.stopScan()

self.peripheral = peripheral

}

func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didConnect peripheral: CBPeripheral) {

print("connected")

peripheral.delegate = self

peripheral.discoverServices(nil)

}

func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager,

didFailToConnect peripheral: CBPeripheral, error: Error?) {

print("fail connect")

}

extension ViewController: CBPeripheralDelegate {

func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didDiscoverServices error: Error?) {

guard let services = peripheral.services else {

if let error = error {

print("error: \(error)")

}

return

}

print("Found \(services.count) services: \(services)")

for service in services {

print(service.uuid.uuidString)

if service.uuid.uuidString == "FF10" {

print("discovering characteristics")

peripheral.discoverCharacteristics(nil, for: service)

}

func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral,

didDiscoverCharacteristicsFor service: CBService, error: Error?) {

guard let characteristics = service.characteristics else {

if let error = error {

print("error in dicovercharc: \(error)")

}

return

}

print("Found \(characteristics) characteristics! : \(characteristics)")

for characteristic in characteristics {

if characteristic.uuid.uuidString == "FF11" {

self.lightCharacteristic = characteristic

}

レイアウトはこんな感じです。

配線

配線は前回のやつとほぼ同じです。

違うのは１箇所だけです。ラズパイの GPIO2 に挿していたジャンバ線１のメスを GPIO17 に挿し替えます。

起動

iOS アプリから LED をチカチカさせます！

SSH 接続する。
下記コマンドを実行しアドバタイズを開始する。

$ cd ble_led $ sudo node ble.js

1
2

$ cd ble_led
$ sudo node ble.js
start advertise と表示されるのを待ち iOS アプリを起動する。
iOS アプリで Scan ボタンを押下する。
iOS アプリで Connect ボタンを押下する。
iOS アプリでスイッチを操作して LED がチカチカする。